1. Bought from Lai-Yuan and Company 來遠公司, New York. For price, see Original Miscellaneous List, p. 197. $310
2. (Undated Folder Sheet note) Original attribution: Chinese. Han 漢. See further, S.I. 894, Appendix VII.
3. (Isabel Ingram Mayer, 1946) Chou [Zhou] 周 dynasty.
4. (Thomas Lawton, 1978) This ts'ung [cong] 琮 differs from other Western Chou [Zhou] 周 examples in that the diameter of the prism is smaller than the sides, so that the points of the circumference are not flush with the sides but are set back. With the exception of this feature, the ts'ung [cong] 琮 resembles closely other Western Chou [Zhou] 周 examples and does not seem to be an archaistic piece. I am assigning it a Western Chou [Zhou] 周 date for the time being.
5. (Julia K. Murray, 1982) For a discussion of the tall ts'ung [cong] 琮 with segmented-band decor, a type found in the late Neolithic jade inventory in eastern China, see Folder Sheet F1916.410.
The band-and-circle decor on ts'ung [cong] 琮 F1916.157 appears in six horizontal divisions, and each of the four walls is vertically bisected by a broad, shallow trough. Compared to the other ts'ung [cong] 琮 of this type in the Freer collection, F1916.157 is a bit unusual in that the walls of the round tube are much thinner and, as pointed out by Lawton, recessed from the square outer perimeter. The circles that are incised between the long and short bands in the six horizontal divisions seem to be cut more deeply and prominently than on the other ts'ung [cong] 琮. However, the similarities outweigh the differences, and ts'ung [cong] 琮 F1916.157 should be attributed to the late Neolithic period along with the rest of the group.
Changed to Neolithic, ca. 2000 BCE, from Western Chou [Zhou] 周 dynasty.
6. (Julia K. Murray, September 1983) Exhibition Studies in Connoisseurship: 1923--1983 label text; moved to label field.
7. (Jeffrey Smith per Keith Wilson, January 21, 2008) Late Neolithic period, Lake Tai 太湖 region, Liangzhu 良渚 culture.
8. (Stephen Allee per Keith Wilson, February 4, 2008) On this date entered: Date (3300--2250 BCE), Title, Object name; plus Dimensions per Christine Lee, from Jade Project Database.
9. (Jeffrey Smith per Keith Wilson, July 17, 2008) Ceremonial Objects added as secondary classification.
10. (Susan Kitsoulis per Keith Wilson, April 20, 2010) Title changed from "Tall tube (cong 琮)" to "Tube (cong 琮)."
11. (Jeffrey Smith per Janet Douglas, June 17, 2010) Nephrite added as modifier to existing medium of "jade" based on conservation analysis.
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