1. Bought from C. T. Loo [Lu Qinzhai] 盧芹齋 and Company, New York. For price, see Freer Gallery of Art Purchase List after 1920.
2. (John Ellerton Lodge, 1941) This type of ko [ge] 戈 has certainly been found at Anyang 安陽, and there seems to be no reason to doubt the report that the present one was found there.
3. (Julia K. Murray, 1982) For a general discussion of jade ko [ge] 戈, see Folder Sheet F1917.396.
4. (Stephen Allee per Keith Wilson, June 17, 2008) As per Jenny F. So, Jade Project Database, changed Date from "12th century BCE" to "13th--12th century BCE." Changed Object Name from "Ritual weapon (ko [ge] 戈)" to "Ceremonial object"; changed Title from "Ritual weapon (ko [ge] 戈)" to "Dagger axe (ge 戈)." Added "turquoise" and designation "nephrite" to Medium as per Elisabeth West Fitzhugh, as determined by x ray diffraction in February 1958. Added Dimensions (blade) per Christine Lee, from Jade Project Database.
5. (Jeffrey Smith per Keith Wilson, July 16, 2008) Ceremonial object added as secondary classification.
6. (Susan Kitsoulis per Keith Wilson, July 14, 2010) Title changed from "Dagger axe (ge 戈)" to "Ceremonial dagger axe (ge 戈) with dragons"; medium changed from "Bronze, turquoise, and jade (nephrite)" to "Bronze with turquoise inlay and jade (nephrite) blade"; period changed from Shang 商 to Late Shang 商 dynasty; added period two Early Anyang 安陽 period.
7. (Susan Kitsoulis per exhibition label text, Ancient Chinese Jades and Bronzes, Freer Gallery of Art, November 20, 2010) Date changed from "ca. 13th--12th century BCE" to "ca. 1300--1200 BCE"; Title changed from "Ceremonial dagger axe (ge 戈) with dragons" to "Dagger-axe (ge 戈) with dragons"; Object Name changed from "Ceremonial object" to "Dagger axe."
8. (Najiba Choudhury per Keith Wilson, August 22, 2017) Title changed from "Dagger-axe (ge) with dragons" to "Dagger axe (ge 戈)"; period two changed from "Early Anyang period" to "Anyang period"; geography changed from "China, probably Henan province, Anyang"; date changed from "ca. 1300-1200 BCE" to "ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE"; and dimensions changed from "H x W x D (overall): 41.9 x 10.6 x 0.9 cm (16 1/2 x 4 3/16 x 3/8 in)" to "H x W x D (overall): 10.6 × 41.9 × 0.9 cm (4 3/16 × 16 1/2 × 3/8 in)".
9. (Najiba Choudhury per Keith Wilson, January 29, 2019) Added Chinese translation by Jingmin Zhang.
10. (YinYing Chen per Keith Wilson, February 10, 2023)
Change title from "Dagger-axe (ge 戈)" to "Dagger-axe (ge 戈) with handle, masks (taotie), and cicadas."
Change period from "Late Shang dynasty, Anyang period" to "Late Shang dynasty, early Anyang period."
Change date from " ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE" to " ca. 1200 BCE."
Change date from "公元前1300-1050年" to "公元前1200年" in the translation field.
Usage conditions apply
There are restrictions for re-using this image. For more information, visit the Smithsonian's Terms of Use page.
The information presented on this website may be revised and updated at any time as ongoing research progresses or as otherwise warranted. Pending any such revisions and updates, information on this site may be incomplete or inaccurate or may contain typographical errors. Neither the Smithsonian nor its regents, officers, employees, or agents make any representations about the accuracy, reliability, completeness, or timeliness of the information on the site. Use this site and the information provided on it subject to your own judgment. The National Museum of Asian Art welcomes information that would augment or clarify the ownership history of objects in their collections..